Intshayelelo
Izitshintshi zobushushuzizixhobo ezibalulekileyo ezisetyenziswa ngokubanzi kumashishini ahlukeneyo, kubandakanywa ukusetyenzwa kweekhemikhali, ukuvelisa umbane, ifriji, kunye nokulungiswa kokutya. Bahambisa ubushushu phakathi kolwelo ezimbini okanye ngaphezulu kumaqondo obushushu ahlukeneyo, badlala indima ebalulekileyo kwinkqubo esebenzayo kunye nokusetyenziswa kwamandla. Nangona kunjalo, njengaso nasiphi na isixhobo soomatshini, abatshintshisi bobushushu bathanda ukusilela ekusebenzeni okuhlukeneyo ngokuhamba kwexesha. Ukuqonda le miba inokwenzeka, indlela yokuyichonga kunye nokuxilonga, kunye nezicwangciso ezisebenzayo zokucoca kunye nokugcinwa, kubalulekile ekuqinisekiseni ukuthembeka kwazo kwexesha elide kunye nokusebenza ngokupheleleyo.
Iindidi eziqhelekileyo zoTshintsho loBushushu
Iqokobhe - kunye - Izitshintshi zoBubushushu beTube
I-Shell - kunye - i-tube yokutshintshiselana kobushushu yenye yeentlobo eziqhelekileyo. Ziquka inyanda yeetyhubhu ezifakwe kwiqokobhe lecylindrical. Enye i-fluid ihamba ngeetyhubhu (i-tube-side), ngelixa enye ihamba ngaphandle kweetyhubhu, ngaphakathi kweqokobhe (iqokobhe - icala). Ezi zitshintshi zokushisa zifanelekile kwizicelo eziphezulu zoxinzelelo kunye nokushisa okuphezulu ngenxa yokwakhiwa kwazo okuqinileyo.
IiPlate zokuTshintsha ubushushu
Abatshintshi bobushushu bepleyitizenziwe ngoluhlu lweepleyiti zentsimbi ezicekethekileyo. Ulwelo luqukuqela kwiitshaneli ezitshintshanayo phakathi kweeplate, ezibonelela ngommandla omkhulu wokudlulisa ubushushu kwindawo exineneyo. Zisebenza kakuhle kwaye zisoloko zisetyenziswa kwizicelo apho kufuneka izinga eliphezulu lokudlulisa ubushushu, njengakwimizi-mveliso yobisi neyeziselo.
WeldedIiPlate zokuTshintsha ubushushu
I-Welded Plate yokuTshintsha ubushushusebenzisa uluhlu lweepleyiti. Nangona kunjalo, banoyilo oluthe kratya lwemodyuli, oluvumela ukuchithwa ngokulula kunye nokucoca
Abatshintshi bobushushu boSpiral
Izitshintshi zobushushu ezijikelezayo zinemijelo emibini eyenziwe ziipleyiti zentsimbi ezonzakele ngokujikeleza. Zisebenza ngempumelelo ekuphatheni ulwelo lwe-viscous kunye nolwelo olumdaka, njengoko uyilo lwe-spiral lunciphisa ukubakho kokungcola.
Umoya - Izitshintshi zoBubushushu obupholileyo
In umoya - ubushushu obupholileyo, umoya usetyenziswa njengendawo yokupholisa. Ziye zisetyenziswe ngokubanzi kwiimeko apho amanzi anqabile okanye abiza kakhulu, njengakweminye imizi-mveliso kunye neeradiyetha zeemoto.
Iintsilelo eziqhelekileyo zokuSebenza zabaTshintshiseli boBushushu
Ukuhlambalaza
I-fouling yenye yezona ngxaki zixhaphakileyo kwi-heater exchangers. Ibhekisa kuqokelelo lwezinto ezingafunekiyo kwiindawo zokufudumeza ubushushu. Ezi zinto zinokubandakanya isikali (esiyilwe kukuna kweeminerali kulwelo), iimveliso zokubola, ukukhula kwebhayoloji (okufana ne-algae kwiinkqubo ezisekwe emanzini), kunye nezinto eziqinileyo ezimisiweyo. Ukungcolisa kunciphisa ukusebenza kakuhle kokutshintshwa kobushushu, ukwandisa ukusetyenziswa kwamandla kwaye kunokukhokelela kwiindleko eziphezulu zokusebenza. Umzekelo, kwiqokobhe - kunye - ityhubhu yokutshintshiselana kobushushu esetyenziswa kwiplanti yamandla, ukwakheka kwesikali kumphezulu wetyhubhu kunokunciphisa kakhulu isantya sokuhambisa ubushushu, okukhokelela kwimveliso ephantsi yomphunga kunye nokuncipha kokuveliswa kwamandla.
Ukuvuza
Ukuvuza kunokuthi kwenzeke kwizitshintshi zobushushu ngenxa yezizathu ezahlukeneyo. Kwiqokobhe - kunye - ityhubhu yokutshintshiselana kobushushu, ityhubhu - ukuya - ityhubhu - i-sheet joints inokusilela ngokuhamba kwexesha ngenxa yokudinwa, ukubola, okanye ukufakela okungafanelekanga. Kwi-plate heat exchangers, ukungaphumeleli kwe-gasket kuqhelekileyo, okungabangelwa ukuguga, ukugqithisa, okanye ukuhlaselwa kweekhemikhali ezivela kumanzi. Ukuvuza kunokukhokelela kungcoliseko phakathi kwezi zimanzi zimbini, okuyingxaki enkulu, ngakumbi kwizicelo apho ukucoceka kwemveliso kubaluleke kakhulu, njengakwishishini lamayeza. Ukongeza, ukuvuza kunokubangela ukulahleka kolwelo oluxabisekileyo, okukhokelela kwilahleko yezoqoqosho.
Ukonakala
I-Corrosion yenye into ebalulekileyo echaphazela ixesha lokuphila kunye nokusebenza kwabatshintshi bokushisa. Iindidi ezahlukeneyo zomhlwa zinokuthi zenzeke, kubandakanywa ukubola okufanayo, i-corrosion ye-pitting, kunye ne-crevice corrosion. I-corrosion efanayo yenzeke xa yonke indawo yentsimbi ihlaselwa ngokulinganayo yi-corrosive medium. I-Pitting corrosion, ngakolunye uhlangothi, ibonakaliswe ngokubunjwa kwemingxuma emincinci, enzulu kwi-metal surface. I-Crevice Corrosion idla ngokuvela kwiindawo apho kukho izithuba ezimxinwa okanye iintanda, njengaphantsi kweegaskets okanye kwi-tube - to - tube - sheet joints. I-Corrosion iyenza buthathaka imfezeko yesakhiwo sotshintshiselwano ngobushushu, inyusa umngcipheko wokuvuza kwaye ekugqibeleni ikhokelele ekusileleni kwesixhobo.
Ukuvaleka kwemibhobho
Kwigobolondo - kunye ne-tube yokutshintshiselana kobushushu, ukuvala ityhubhu kunokwenzeka ngenxa yokuqokelela i-debris, iinqununu ezinkulu, okanye izinto eziqiniweyo kwiityhubhu. Oku kuthintela ukuhamba kwamanzi ngeetyhubhu, ukunciphisa indawo yokudlulisa ubushushu kunye nokusebenza kakuhle. Ukuvalwa kwetyhubhu kunokubangela ukuhanjiswa kokungalingani phakathi kweetyhubhu, okukhokelela kwiindawo ezishushu kunye nokukhawulezisa ukuthotywa komtshintshisi wobushushu.
Ukunciphisa uFanelo lokuTshintshela uBushushu
Nokuba akukho kungcoliseka okucacileyo, ukuvuza, okanye ukuvaleka, ukusebenza kakuhle kobushushu bokutshintsha ubushushu kunokwehla kancinci ngokuhamba kwexesha. Oku kunokuba ngenxa yezinto ezifana nokutshintsha kweempawu zolwelo (umzekelo, i-viscosity, i-thermal conductivity), amazinga okuhamba okungahambi kakuhle, okanye ukwehla kwe-thermal conductivity ye-thermal conductivity ye-thermal transfer material ngokwayo ngenxa yokuvezwa kwexesha elide kumaqondo obushushu aphezulu okanye indawo ezonakalisayo.
Ukubona kunye nokuFunyaniswa kweengxaki zokuTshintsha ubushushu
Ubushushu kunye neMilinganiselo yoxinzelelo
Ukubeka iliso kwindawo yokungena kunye nobushushu obuphumayo kunye noxinzelelo lwamanzi ashushu kunye nabandayo yenye yezona ndlela zisisiseko nezisebenzayo zokubona iingxaki zokutshintsha ubushushu. Ukunyuka okuphawulekayo kwiqondo lokushisa phakathi kokungena kunye nokuphuma kwamanzi ashushu okanye ukuhla kweqondo lokushisa kwamanzi abandayo kunokubonisa ukunciphisa ukusebenza kakuhle kokudluliselwa kobushushu, okunokuthi kubangelwa ukungcola okanye ukuvaleka kwetyhubhu. Ngokufanayo, ukuhla ngesiquphe koxinzelelo kumtshintshisi wobushushu kunokucebisa ukuvuza, ngelixa ukonyuka okubalulekileyo kokuhla koxinzelelo kunokubanga ngenxa yokuvaleka okanye ukungcola okugqithisileyo. Ngokomzekelo, kwi-plate exchanger heat exchanger esetyenziswa kwi-system yefriji, ukuba ubushushu befriji eshiya i-heat exchanger iphezulu kunesiqhelo kwaye ukuhla koxinzelelo kwi-heat exchanger kuye kwanda, kunokwenzeka ukuba kukho uhlobo oluthile lokungcola okanye ukuvaleka kwi-heat exchanger.
UHlolo Olubonwayo
Ukuhlolwa okubonakalayo rhoqo kunokutyhila iingxaki ezininzi ezicacileyo. Kwigobolondo - kunye ne-tube yokutshintshiselana kobushushu, ukuhlola umphandle wegobolondo ngeempawu zokuvuza, njengamabala amanzi okanye ukubola, kubalulekile. Kwi-plate heat exchangers, ukujonga iigaskets ngemiqondiso yomonakalo, njengokuqhekeka okanye ukudumba, kunokunceda ukufumanisa imiba enokuvuza. Ukuhlola okubonakalayo kunokuchonga ukubola kwangaphandle kumphezulu womtshintshisi wobushushu, onokuba luphawu lweengxaki ezinzulu zangaphakathi. Nangona kunjalo, ukuhlolwa okubonakalayo kunemida, njengoko kungenakukwazi ukubona ukungcola kwangaphakathi okanye ukuvinjelwa ngaphakathi kweetyhubhu okanye iziteshi ngaphandle kokuqhawula.
Flow Rate Monitoring
Ukubeka iliso kumazinga okuhamba kolweloumtshintshi wobushushuinokunika ulwazi oluxabisekileyo. Ukuphambuka okuphawulekayo kwinqanaba lokuhamba okuqhelekileyo kunokubonisa ukuvaleka, ukuvuza, okanye iingxaki ngenkqubo yokupompa. Ngokuthelekisa iireyithi zokuqukuqela ezilinganisiweyo kunye namaxabiso oyilo, abaqhubi banokuchonga imiba enokubakho kwangoko. Umzekelo, ukuba izinga lokuhamba kwamanzi abandayo kwiqokobhe - kunye - umtshintshi wobushushu ityhubhu ungaphantsi kunokuba ulindelekile, kunokubangelwa ukuvaleka kwetyhubhu okanye ingxaki ngevalve yokungena okanye impompo.
Uhlalutyo lweMichiza
Uhlalutyo lwemichiza yolwelo lunokunceda ukubona ubukho bezinto ezingcolisayo ezinokubangela ukungcola okanye ukubola. Ukuhlalutya ixabiso le-pH, umxholo wezinto eziqinileyo ezinyibilikileyo, kunye nobukho beentlobo ezithile zeekhemikhali kumanzi kunokubonelela ngengqiqo kwimeko yokutshintsha ubushushu. Umzekelo, ukuxinana okuphezulu kwe-calcium kunye ne-magnesium ion kumanzi-esekelwe kulwelo lomtshintshisi wobushushu kunokubonisa amandla okwenza isikali. Ukongezelela, ukuhlalutya ulwelo lobukho bee-ion zetsimbi kunokunceda ukubona ukubola, njengoko ukukhutshwa kwee-ion zetsimbi kulwelo luphawu lokuthotywa kwesinyithi.
Uvavanyo olungonakalisi (NDT)
Iindlela zokuvavanya ezingonakalisi, ezinje ngovavanyo lokungena kweDayi, uvavanyo lwe-ultrasonic, uvavanyo lwangoku lwe-eddy, kunye novavanyo lwe-radiographic, zingasetyenziselwa ukufumanisa iingxaki zangaphakathi kwi-heater exchangers ngaphandle kokwenza umonakalo kwisixhobo. Uvavanyo lwe-Ultrasonic lungasetyenziselwa ukulinganisa ubukhulu beendonga zetsimbi ze-heat exchanger, ezinokunceda ekuboneni ukubola. Uvavanyo lwangoku lwe-Eddy lusebenza ngokufanelekileyo ekuboneni iziphene kwimibhobho yeqokobhe - kunye - ne-tube yokutshintshiselana kobushushu, njengokuqhekeka okanye ukuncipha. Uvavanyo lweRadiographic lunokubonelela ngemifanekiso eneenkcukacha yesakhiwo sangaphakathi sotshintshiselwano lobushushu, okuvumela ukubonwa kweebhloko okanye ezinye izinto ezingaqhelekanga zangaphakathi.
Ukucoca i-Heat Exchangers
Ukucoca ngoomatshini
Iindlela zokucoca ngoomatshini zibandakanya ukususa ngokwasemzimbeni izinto ezingcolileyo kwiindawo zokudlulisa ubushushu. Kwigobolondo - kunye - i-tube yokutshintshiselana kobushushu, ityhubhu - iibrashi zokucoca, i-scrapers, okanye iijethi zamanzi ezinoxinzelelo oluphezulu zingasetyenziswa. Ityhubhu - iibhrashi zokucoca zifakwe kwityhubhu kwaye zijikelezwe ukukhuhla ukungcola. Iijethi zamanzi ezinoxinzelelo oluphezulu, ngokuqhelekileyo ezinoxinzelelo olusuka kwi-1000 ukuya kwi-5000 psi, zinokususa ngokufanelekileyo isikali esinenkani kunye nobutyobo. Kwi-plate heat exchangers, iipleyiti ziyakwazi ukuchithwa, kwaye iindawo zingacocwa ngesandla ngokusebenzisa iibrashi kunye ne-detergents. Ukucoca ngoomatshini yindlela ethe ngqo nesebenzayo yokususa uninzi lweendidi zokungcolisa, kodwa isenokungalungeli izinto ezibuthathaka kakhulu zokutshintsha ubushushu okanye ukususa ukungcola okuqinileyo kwiijiyometri ezintsonkothileyo.
Ukucoca ngemichiza
Ukucocwa kweekhemikhali kubandakanya ukusebenzisa iikhemikhali zokunyibilikisa okanye ukusabela ngezinto ezimdaka. Iikhemikhali eziqhelekileyo zokucoca iikhemikhali ziquka i-acids (efana ne-hydrochloric acid, i-citric acid), i-alkali (njenge-sodium hydroxide), kunye ne-detergents. Umzekelo, iiasidi ziyasebenza ekunyibilikeni kwesikali esenziwe ziikhabhonithi zetsimbi kunye neehydroxides. Nangona kunjalo, xa usebenzisa i-acids, kubalulekile ukulawula ngokucokisekileyo ukugxininiswa, ukushisa, kunye nexesha lokuvezwa ukuze ugweme ukonakalisa iindawo zetsimbi ze-heat exchanger. Izicoci ze-alkaline zihlala zisetyenziselwa ukususa i-organic fouling, njengeoli kunye negrisi. Ukucocwa kweekhemikhali kunokusebenza ngakumbi kunokucoca ngoomatshini ekususeni ukungcola okuntsonkothileyo okanye okunzulu, kodwa kufuna ukuphathwa ngokufanelekileyo kweekhemikhali ukuqinisekisa ukhuseleko nokuthotyelwa kokusingqongileyo.
Ukucoca kwi-Intanethi
Iindlela zokucoca kwi-Intanethi zivumela umtshintshi wobushushu ukuba acocwe ngelixa sisasebenza. Enye indlela eqhelekileyo yokucoca kwi-intanethi kukusetyenziswa kwe-self-coca abatshintshi bokushisa, abaye bakha - kwiindlela zokususa ngokuqhubekayo ukungcola. Ngokomzekelo, abanye abatshintshisi bobushushu be-spiral bayilwe ngomsebenzi wokuzicoca, apho ukuhamba kolwelo kubangela ukuba iipleyiti zingcangcazele kancinci, zithintele ukuqokelelana kokungcola. Enye indlela yokucoca kwi-intanethi kukutofwa kweearhente zokucoca kumjelo wolwelo. Le ndlela ifanelekile kwizicelo apho ixesha lokuphumla lingamkelekanga, kodwa lisenokungasebenzi njengeendlela zokucoca ngaphandle kwe-intanethi kwiimeko ezimbi kakhulu.
Ukugcinwa kweZitshintshi zoBubushushu
Ukuhlolwa rhoqo
Ukuhlolwa rhoqo, njengoko kuchazwe kwicandelo lokufumanisa kunye nokuxilongwa, kufuneka kuqhutywe ngamaxesha ahleliweyo. Ukuphindaphinda kokuhlolwa kuxhomekeke kwiimeko zokusebenza kunye nokubaluleka kobushushu bokushisa. Kwizixhobo zokutshintsha ubushushu ezisebenza kwindawo ezirhabaxa okanye ezibamba ulwelo oludlekayo, kusenokufuneka uhlolo oluthe kratya. Ngokufumanisa iingxaki kwangethuba ngokuzihlola rhoqo, ukulungisa okuneendleko eziphezulu kunye nexesha lokuphumla kunokuphetshwa.
Ukutshintshwa Kwezixhobo Ezigugileyo
Ngokuhamba kwexesha, amacandelo otshintshiselwano ngobushushu, anje ngeegaskets kwipleyiti yokutshintshiselana kobushushu, iityhubhu ezikwiqokobhe kunye - nezitshintshi zobushushu ityhubhu, kunye netywina, zinokuguga okanye zonakaliswe. Ezi zixhobo kufuneka zitshintshwe ngokukhawuleza ukukhusela ukuvuza kunye nokuqinisekisa ukusebenza ngokufanelekileyo komtshintshi wokushisa. Xa utshintsha amacandelo, kubalulekile ukusebenzisa iinxalenye ezihlangabezana nemigaqo yomenzi wesixhobo sokuqala ukuqinisekisa ukuhambelana nokusebenza.
ukuKhuselwa koMhlwa
Ukuthintela ukubola, iindlela ezahlukeneyo zokukhusela umhlwa zinokuthathwa. Ezi ziquka ukusetyenziswa kwe-corrosion-resistant materials, ezifana nensimbi engenasici okanye i-titanium, ukwakhiwa kwe-heat exchanger. Ukongezelela, ukusebenzisa iingubo zokukhusela, ezifana neengubo ze-epoxy okanye i-zinc-based based coatings, kwiindawo zetsimbi kunokubonelela ngoluhlu olongezelelweyo lokukhusela. Izindlela zokukhusela i-Cathodic, ezifana ne-anodes yedini okanye iinkqubo zangoku ezichukumisayo, zingasetyenziselwa ukukhusela umtshintshi wokushisa kwi-corrosion, ngakumbi kwiindawo apho ukubola kuyinkxalabo ebalulekileyo.
Unyango ngolwelo
Ukunyanga ulwelo phambi kokuba lungene kwindawo yokutshintshisa ubushushu kunganceda ukuthintela ukungcolisa kunye nokudleka. Kumanzi asekelwe emanzini, iinkqubo zokunyanga amanzi, ezifana nokuthambisa, ukuchithwa kwemigodi, kunye nokongezwa kwe-corrosion inhibitors kunye ne-antiscalants, ingasetyenziswa. Ukuthambisa kususa i-calcium kunye ne-magnesium ion emanzini, ukunciphisa amandla okwenza isikali. I-Demineralization isusa zonke iiminerali ezinyityilisiweyo, ibonelela ngamanzi acocekileyo kakhulu. I-Corrosion inhibitors kunye ne-antiscalants ziyimichiza ezongezwa kumanzi ukuthintela ukubola kunye nokwakheka kwesikali, ngokulandelanayo. Ngokuphatha i-fluids ngokufanelekileyo, ubomi bomtshintshi wokushisa bunokwandiswa, kwaye ukusebenza kwayo kunokugcinwa.
Uqeqesho lwabaSebenzisi
Uqeqesho olufanelekileyo lwabaqhubi luyimfuneko ekugcinweni okusebenzayo kwabatshintshi bokushisa. Abaqhubi kufuneka baqeqeshwe ngendlela yokubeka iliso ekusebenzeni komtshintshisi ubushushu, babone iingxaki ezinokubakho, kwaye baqhube imisebenzi esisiseko yokulondoloza, njengokuhlola okubonakalayo kunye neenkqubo ezilula zokucoca. Kufuneka kwakhona baqhelane neenkqubo zokhuseleko ezinxulumene nokuphatha iikhemikhali kunye nokwenza ulondolozo kwi-heat exchanger. Abaqhubi abaqeqeshwe kakuhle banokudlala indima ebalulekileyo ekuqinisekiseni ukuthembeka kwexesha elide kunye nokusebenza ngokufanelekileyo komtshintshisi wobushushu.
Ukuqukumbela
Izitshintshi zobushushu zizixhobo ezibalulekileyo kwiinkqubo ezininzi zamashishini. Ukuqonda ukungaphumeleli okuqhelekileyo kokusebenza, njengokungcolisa, ukuvuza, ukubola, ukuvaleka kwetyhubhu, kunye nokunciphisa ukuhanjiswa kobushushu, kunye neendlela zokufumanisa nokufumanisa ezi ngxaki, linyathelo lokuqala ekugcineni ukusebenza kwazo. Iindlela zokucoca ezisebenzayo, kubandakanywa nomatshini, iikhemikhali, kunye nokucoca i-intanethi, kunokunceda ukubuyisela ukusebenza kakuhle kokutshintshwa kobushushu bomshicileli wobushushu. Ukugcinwa rhoqo, okufana nokuhlolwa, ukutshintshwa kwecandelo, ukukhuselwa komhlwa, ukunyangwa kwamanzi, kunye noqeqesho lwabasebenzi, kubalulekile ekuqinisekiseni ukuthembeka kwexesha elide kunye nokusebenza ngokukuko kwezixhobo zokutshintsha ubushushu. Ngokuphumeza ezi zicwangciso zibanzi zokucombulula iingxaki, ukucoca, kunye nokugcinwa, amashishini anokunciphisa ixesha lokuphumla, ukunciphisa iindleko zokusebenza, kunye nokuqinisekisa ukusebenza okukhuselekileyo nokusebenzayo kokutshintshiselana kobushushu.
Ixesha lokuposa: Jun-17-2025